Web & Programming Jobs | Jobs Classifieds

WEB DESIGNER
Exact career definitions are almost impossible in the fast-moving world of IT, but a web designer is a well-accepted title for a specialist in designing, coding, running and maintaining websites.

In designing a website, the web designer first talks to the client to discuss their needs. They might discuss target users, site information and presentation. They would move on to layout, including:

Text style.
Fonts.
Colours and page backgrounds.
Icons, logos and graphics.
Animation.
Audio and video sequences.
Frames, tables, lists and hyperlinks.

Once the initial draft has been approved , a sample website is written using codes such as hypertext mark-up language (HTML), Javascript, ColdFusion, Java, Perl and Flash, or code generating programs such as Dreamweaver. The web designer tests the site for functionality in different browsers at different resolutions, corrects any errors, inputs the editorial content and uploads the website to the Internet.

Qualifications
Most web designers have a degree, HND or HNC in a subject such as Computer Science, 3D or Graphic Design. A portfolio of experience in designing web pages may compensate for lack of formal qualifications. A personal website with an online CV and hyperlinks to other websites is undoubtedly useful and can be accessed directly by potential employers.

Training
The majority of training is done on the job, with short courses to cover technical training on specialist new systems and new code. Web designers may work towards NVQs at Levels 2 to 4 in the areas of IT or Design. A qualification from a software company, such as Certified Internet Web Designer, may well aid your career development.

Personal Qualities
Creativity, imagination, an in-depth understanding of how the internet works, confidence, calmness under pressure and experience of graphics packages are all essential. Effective verbal and writing skills, together with strong design ability and good presentation skills are also desirable. A passion for IT is necessary, along with enthusiasm for keeping up to date with hardware and software.

Prospects
This is a career area that is developing at great speed, with apparently everyone wanting their own website. However, there is little job security, with some amassing fortunes and others failing spectacularly. Even so, there is currently considerable demand for web designers, and plenty of opportunities with a wide variety of clients. Employment might be full-time with an agency or consultancy, dealing with briefs from clients. Alternatively, as a full-time web designer with a large company, or combining that responsibility with other tasks in the IT department. Once experienced, you might work on a freelance basis or set up your own consultancy. Although there is a shortage skilled people, entry is still highly competitive.

Salary
Earnings can vary widely, depending on employment terms. A full-time web designer in might earn around �22,000 to �25,000 a year initially, rising with experience to �40,000+. Self-employed web designers may earn more, according to their ability and reputation.

Working Conditions
An employed web designer might work 37 to 40 hours a week, Monday to Friday, possibly with some evenings and weekends. Self-employed web professionals work (often from home) whatever hours are necessary to meet their workload.

SOFTWARE ENGINEER
Software engineers design, install, test and maintain software systems used by commercial organisations.

In the past, systems were often replaced due to technological developments, a time-consuming and expensive process. Now, more often, "off-the-shelf" software packages are integrated into an existing system, "bolting together" existing software products, requiring only the creation of the code to link them. However, thorough knowledge of software packages and programming languages is required, together with the ability to integrate them via appropriate interfaces.

To install or update a system, software engineers must gain a thorough understanding of the user's business and information needs, analyse the existing system, decide on recommendations and present a proposal to the user, with accurate costing. The software engineer then leads a team producing design specifications, designs the software, writes and documents the programming code, and tests the product in real situations.

Qualifications
The usual qualification is a degree or HND/HNC, or substantial experience and proven ability in programming. A postgraduate IT conversion course is useful if your degree or HND/HNC does not have significant IT content. Preferred degree subjects are Computer Science or Software Development, Electronics, Physics, Maths and Electrical Engineering.

It is sometimes possible to start in basic computing work and progress to become a software engineer.
Some start as trainee programmers, with "A" levels. There is also a Graduate Apprenticeship in IT.

Training
Many employers provide training that can lead to professional qualifications, for instance from the British Computer Society, the Institute for the Management of Information Systems or The National Computing Centre. Promotion is normally to Senior or Principal Software Engineer and then to Project Manager.

Personal Qualities
You should be strong at maths, with a logical and practical approach to problem solving. In addition, you would have to listen to the requirements of others and accommodate these in your plans. Effective prioritisation is needed to meet tight deadlines.

Prospects
Software engineers usually specialise in business, scientific, engineering or microcomputer applications. They work across commerce and industry, public services, utilities, defence and research. There are opportunities with computer and software manufacturers, IT and management consultancies, the Armed Forces and defence establishments, and other organisations that use computers. Although there is a shortage of people with the appropriate skills, entry is fairly competitive. Organisations increasingly contract development work to IT consultants.

Salary
Graduate starting salaries range from around �19,000 to �35,000. This should rise as you gain experience to �30,000 to �80,000, if you are reliable and can produce useful results.

Working Conditions
The normal working week is 37 to 40 hours, but overtime and weekend working may be needed to deal with deadlines and emergency problem solving. In sectors such as finance and consultancies, longer working hours may be required.

Those with an overriding passion for Information Technology will find either of the above careers most rewarding. If you have a logical approach to problem-solving, then you may find a future in Software Engineering. If you are more interested in design elements, designing Web Pages may be more appropriate. However, bear in mind that both require an in-depth, up-to-date knowledge of hardware and software, along with a thorough understanding of programming languages.

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